Conclusions from the ISOC-SE 2004-08-23 meeting on the directive on patents for "Computer Implemented Inventions" in EU
In
short, attending patent lawyers and software innovators at the meeting
had very different perspectives on what effects the Councils proposal
could have.
Main issues were:
- the effects on publication, knowledge sharing and innovation.
- the mere scope of the directive for patents and computer programs.
Program:
- The German proposal to the Council /Erik Josefsson, chairman, FFII-SE
- The patent system and software patents /Michael Andersson, Albihns
- Innovation, growth and protection /Jonas Bosson, founder, IllumiNet AB
- Break
- MySQL's stand on software patents /David Axmark, founder, MySQL AB
- Debate
Erik Josefsson on The German proposal to the Council:
The German proposal was very constructive to define the core
concept "technical contribution" in terms of use of natural forces,
physical effects and technical features. Other countries like Denmark
had earlier in the process also proposed definitions in the same spirit
along the lines of applied "scientific knowledge". There was widespread
support for the German text. This support was hijacked when the text
was discarded on such short notice that the Danish representative had
to ask where it was at the moment of his vote.
The German proposal would have made it possible for the
Parliament to take the Council proposal seriously. As it stands now,
the definition of "technical contribution" is circular and unclear, and
will be of no use in keeping US-style business patents out of Europe.
http://www.ffii.org/~blasum/isoc20040823/ISOC-SE20040823.html
Michael Andersson on the patent system and software patents
Michael thinks the directive will affirm current praxis with
no further effect on the legality of patents in Europe. He also assures
that the parliaments limitations in the previous shape of the directive
would harm the patent system and innovations as it would stop
inventions in fields as computerized car engines or GPS-navigational
systems. He uses the metaphor of a farmer that looses his crop due to
others just taking it away to give emphasis to the importance of
protecting investments with the use of patents.
Jonas Bosson on innovation, growth and protection:
Jonas: As a software developer it is easy to ridicule the low
level of inventiveness in software patents granted at the European
Patent Office. But the real cause of this problem is the misconception
of pure software as patentable inventions rather than intellectual
methods as excluded in patent law.
The Internet is the leading forum for development and knowledge sharing,
and has this far promoted innovations in software and protected
software using copyright law. But software patents will hamper
knowledge sharing since inadvertent patent infringement is far too
easy. The danger is overwhelming as the directive allows granting of
pure software patents, that are broad as a result of natural
abstractions in logic, and cover infinite number of virtual
realizations of intellectual methods as inventions.
The directive should strengthen the demand for the invention
to be outside the mere logic and within the 'use of forces of nature'.
Otherwise Europe might not have much to contribute in software
development as we then become hostages of major patent holders in an
arms race on ownership of the fundamentals in intellectual reason.
David Axmark on MySQL's stand on software patents
David told us about his experience with software patents, and
MySQL's official stand against them. His experience with the larger
investors in the US was that they where interested in whether MySQL had
problems with software patents, not if MySQL had any patents in
software. Software patents seem to cover most basic things, one of many
investigations into patents even showed that the mere storing of data
on a hard disk with some kind of indexing has been considered a
patentable technical effect.
David concludes that the EU-directive as proposed by the
Council is not making life easy for innovators in Europe, but expose
small expanding companies to a patent mine field with rules adopted
from cold war terror-balance. Using the methaphor of a crop: The whole
self produced crop may rotten while competitors are in long disputes
over the rights to its possible use. And in a terror-balance situations
the big players are the natural 'winners'. But even big companies must
live in fear of being sued by companies outside of the terror-balance
like Acacia who while based in the US are likely to buy patents in
every jurisdiction where they can make money. It is unlikely that any
larger scale patent threats or litigations will happen in Europe,
considering the limited legal status, before the current directive
becomes law.
Panel debate:
Michael Andersson, Jonas Bosson, Erik Josefsson, Dag Hedefält, FMV,
patentengineer.
Q> Publication / Svenskt Näringsliv
A> Erik and Jonas says publication of source code, even free dito might
get into trouble, but Dag and Michael thinks that this is not the case.
Q> Any computer programs not patentable with the Councils proposal?
A> No awnser.
Q> Example of software patent? / it-delegation (gov)
A> Michael gives an example of gps-navigation, but Jonas argues this to
be a non issue since it involves forces of nature and is not just a
C.I.I. The discussion on patents like the 'SignOn'-forms-patent is
saidly left outside the now quite upset debate. Can we please discuss
the issue at hand asks Erik, the directive is about plain programs, not
inventions found elsewhere in relation to computers. Dag draws the
abstract image showing an input/output box, and explains that the
inside is not patentable, but the outside description is. Jonas replies
that the outside is the same as the inside of the box when it is a
matter of computer programs, and that this makes the danger evident.